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Diagnosis and repair



PURPOSE
The Rear Antilock Brake System (RABS) continuously monitors rear wheel speed with a sensor mounted on the rear axle. When the teeth on exciter ring (mounted on the ring gear) pass the sensor pole piece, an AC voltage with a frequency proportional to the average rear wheel speed is induced in the sensor circuit. If an impending lockup condition occurs during braking, the RABS modulates hydraulic pressure to the rear brakes to inhibit rear wheel lockup.

OPERATION

System Operation
When the brake pedal is applied, the RABS module senses the drop in rear wheel speed. If the rate of deceleration is too great (indicating an impending rear wheel lockup) the RABS module activates the RABS valve assembly isolation solenoid, causing the isolation valve to close. With the isolation valve closed, the rear wheel-cylinders are isolated from the master cylinder and the rear brake pressure cannot increase. If the rate of deceleration is still too great, the RABS module will energize the dump solenoid with a series of rapid pulses to bleed off rear wheel cylinder fluid into an accumulator built into the RABS valve. This reduces the rear wheel cylinder pressure and allows the rear wheels to spin back up to vehicle speed.

When the driver releases the brake pedal at the end of a stop, the isolation valve de-energizes, and any fluid in the accumulator is returned to the master cylinder. Normal brake operation then resumes.

NOTE: An RABS malfunction may cause the transmission to malfunction

System Self Test
The rear antilock brake system has selftest capabilities similar to those in other electronic control systems. Two warning lamps, located in the instrument panel, alert the driver to a system malfunction. The red brake warning lamp indicates a low fluid level or that the parking brake is on. The yellow antilock brake indicator lights up for approximately two seconds when the ignition switch is first moved to "ON" or "START" for circuit prove out. The indicator also lights up when the RABS module detects a malfunction in the system.

The selftest feature contains thirteen codes that indicate the area of the malfunction. When a malfunction is detected, the RABS control module shuts down the System and the yellow antilock warning lamp comes on. This permits normal braking. A code can be retrieved by momentarily grounding the diagnostic pigtail (black with orange stripe wire) after it is disconnected from KAM (keep-alive power, red wire) and counting the flashes of the yellow ABS Lamp. To ensure the fault code is not lost from memory, the ignition key must be left in the "ON" position before the diagnostic lead is disconnected from KAM power. If more than one fault exists, only the first code stored will be displayed. Additional codes will be output only after the first fault is corrected.

Two new codes are available for the 1993 model year, code 12 and 16. Code 12 indicates a fault with the base brake system, code 16 is system OK.



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